環能牌燃氣發電機組制氫尾氣發電機組的功率問題

　　Power issue of hydrogen production tail gas generator set of Huaneng brand gas generator set

　　1、國家標準規定的功率

　　1. Power specified by national standards

　　根據國家標準 GB/T 2820.1-2009 （同ISO 8528-1-2005）的相關定義，發電機組額定功率有以下四種規定：

　　According to the relevant definitions of the national standard GB/T 2820.1-2009 (same as ISO 8528-1-2005), there are four regulations for the rated power of generator sets:

　　1）持續功率(COP)：在商定的運行條件下，并按制造商規定的維修間隔和方法實施維護保養，發電機組每年運行時間不受限制地為恒定負持續供電的最大功率。（可并網）

　　1) Continuous Power (COP): Under agreed operating conditions, maintenance and upkeep are carried out according to the manufacturer's specified maintenance intervals and methods, and the maximum power that the generator set can continuously supply at a constant negative power for an unlimited annual operating time. (Can be connected to the grid)

　　2）基本功率(PRP)：在商定的運行條件下，并按制造商規定的維修間隔和方法實施維護保養，發電機組每年運行不受限制地為可變負載持續供電的最大功率。在24 h周期內的允許平均輸出功率(Ppp)應不大于PRP的70%,除非往復式內燃(RIC)機制造商另有規定。

　　2) Basic Power (PRP): The maximum power that a generator set can continuously supply power to variable loads without restrictions during annual operation under agreed operating conditions and maintenance intervals and methods specified by the manufacturer. The allowable average output power (Ppp) within a 24-hour cycle should not exceed 70% of the PRP, unless otherwise specified by the reciprocating internal combustion (RIC) mechanism manufacturer.

　　3）限時運行功率(LTP)：在商定的運行條件下，并按制造商規定的維修間隔和方法實施維護保養，發電機組每年供電達 500h 的最大功率。

　　3) Limited Time Operating Power (LTP): Under agreed operating conditions and with maintenance intervals and methods specified by the manufacturer, the generator set can provide a maximum power of 500 hours per year.

　　4)應急備用功率(ESP )：在商定的運行條件下，并按制造商規定的維修間隔和方法實施維護保養，當公共電網出現故障或在試驗條件下，發電機組每年運行達 200h 的某一可變動率系列中的最大功率。

　　4) Emergency standby power (ESP): The maximum power of a variable rate series in which a generator set operates for 200 hours per year under agreed operating conditions and is maintained at maintenance intervals and methods specified by the manufacturer, in the event of a failure in the public power grid or under test conditions.

　　以上功率中，持續功率和限時運行功率適合恒定負載，基本功率和應急備用功率適合可變性負載。上述功率僅是國家標準對各功率的定義，四種功率之間并沒有一個固有的比值聯系，而且，不同生產廠商所生產的發電機組的上述四個功率值之間并無固定規律或相同系數，發電機組實際的功率值是由發電機組生產廠商自行規定。

　　Among the above powers, continuous power and limited time operating power are suitable for constant loads, while basic power and emergency standby power are suitable for variable loads. The above power is only the definition of each power in the national standard, and there is no inherent ratio relationship between the four types of power. Moreover, there is no fixed pattern or the same coefficient between the four power values of generator sets produced by different manufacturers. The actual power value of generator sets is determined by the generator set manufacturers themselves.

　　2、行業標準規定的功率

　　2. Power specified by industry standards

　　根據中華人民共和國通信行業標準YD/T 2888-2015 和YD/T 502-2020的相關定義，發電機組額定功率有以下三種規定：

　　According to the relevant definitions of the communication industry standards YD/T 2888-2015 and YD/T 502-2020 of the People's Republic of China, there are three regulations for the rated power of generator sets:

　　1)持續功率：指在額定功率、功率因數為 0.8滯后的條件下，按制造商規定的維修間隔和方法實施維護保養，發電機組每年運行時間不受限制地為恒定負載持續供電的最大功率。

　　1) Continuous power: refers to the maximum power that a generator set can continuously supply power to a constant load for an unlimited annual operating time, under the condition of rated power and a power factor of 0.8 lagging, and with maintenance intervals and methods specified by the manufacturer.

　　2)主用功率：指在額定功率、功率因數為 0.8 滯后的條件下，按制造商規定的維修間隔和方法實施維護保養，發電機組每年運行時間不受限制地為可變負載持續供電的最大功率。在24h 周期內的允許平均輸出功率應不小于主用功率的 70%。當計算平均輸出功率時小于主用功率的 30% 的功率應視為 30%。同時，發電機組每次起動后持續以該功率供電時間應不小于12h。

　　2) Main power: refers to the maximum power that a generator set can continuously supply power to variable loads without any restrictions on its annual operating time, under the condition of rated power and power factor of 0.8 lagging, and maintenance and repair intervals and methods specified by the manufacturer. The allowable average output power within a 24-hour cycle should not be less than 70% of the main power. When calculating the average output power, power less than 30% of the main power should be considered as 30%. At the same time, the continuous power supply time of the generator set at this power should not be less than 12 hours after each start.

　　3）備用功率：指在額定功率、功率因數為0.8滯后的條件下，按制造商規定的維修間隔和方法實施維護保養，發電機組每年供電達500h的最大功率。同時，發電機組每次起動后持續以該功率供電時間應不小于12h。

　　3) Backup power: refers to the maximum power output of a generator set that can supply up to 500 hours of power per year under the condition of rated power and power factor of 0.8 lagging, and is maintained according to the manufacturer's specified maintenance intervals and methods. At the same time, the generator set should continue to supply power at this power for no less than 12 hours after each start.

　　3、國際標準規定的功率

　　3. Power specified by international standards

　　根據ISO 8528-1-2018的相關定義，新增數據中心功率（DCP）。

　　According to the relevant definition of ISO 8528-1-2018, add Data Center Power (DCP).

　　數據中心功率（DCP）：發電機組在提供可變或連續的電力負荷和不受限制運行小時的條件下，所能提供的最大功率。根據所供應的地點和市電網絡的可靠性，發電機組制造商有責任確定其能夠提供的功率大小，以滿足上述要求，包括硬件，軟件及維修計劃。注:發動機驅動的交流發電機組是數據中心的可靠電源，它也可以用來作為可靠電網的備份。不允許長時間與市網并網帶載運行。

　　Data Center Power (DCP): The maximum power that a generator set can provide while providing variable or continuous power loads and unrestricted operating hours. Based on the location of the supply and the reliability of the utility network, the generator set manufacturer is responsible for determining the amount of power it can provide to meet the above requirements, including hardware, software, and maintenance plans. Note: The engine driven AC generator set is a reliable power source for data centers and can also be used as a backup for a reliable power grid. It is not allowed to operate on load for a long time when connected to the city grid.

　　4、機組標牌標定功率

　　4. Unit nameplate calibration power

　　發電機組生產廠商的標牌功率通常標注的功率值與國家標準和行業標準的功率定義有出入，一般機組標稱的功率有主用功率（kW）、備用功率（kW）和視在功率（kVA）。主用功率是發電機組能夠在24h之內連續使用的最大功率，而在某一時段內，標準是每12h之內可在連續功率的基礎上超載10%，此時的機組功率就是我們平時所說的發電機組最大輸出功率，即備用功率。

　　The power value indicated on the label of the generator set manufacturer usually differs from the power definition in national and industry standards. Generally, the nominal power of the unit includes main power (kW), standby power (kW), and apparent power (kVA). The main power is the maximum power that a generator set can continuously use within 24 hours, and during a certain period of time, the standard is to overload 10% on the basis of continuous power every 12 hours. At this time, the unit power is what we usually refer to as the maximum output power of the generator set, which is the standby power rate.

　　視在功率等于備用功率乘以1.25，主用功率乘以1.1等于備用功率。有的廠商也會根據用戶要求或者機組運行狀態標注發電機組的持續功率。

　　The apparent power is equal to the standby power multiplied by 1.25, and the main power multiplied by 1.1 is equal to the standby power. Some manufacturers also label the continuous power of the generator set based on user requirements or the operating status of the unit.　　

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